I.This year, Taiwan has integrated the national defense mobilization, air defense, and critical infrastructure protection exercises into the “2025 Urban Resilience Exercise” to further implement the concept of all-out national defense and strengthen the whole-of-society defense resilience. The air defense drill was based on a simulated scenario of “a sudden enemy air raid on the Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu areas.” Eighteen local governments each selected three townships (cities, districts) to expand practical verification of civilians entering air-raid shelters. For the first time, evacuation and sheltering exercises also included public transportation systems, consumer venues, and government/institutional facilities. A total of over 46,000 personnel and more than 16,000 vehicles and aircraft were mobilized, expanding public participation and improving citizens’ familiarity with air-raid response procedures.
II.In addition, the national defense mobilization exercise was, for the first time, conducted with real personnel and actual materials on site, replacing the previous “stage-based,” simulated presentations to more closely reflect real-world conditions. The exercise also expanded interagency coordination between central and local governments and between the public and private sectors. A total of more than 17,000 participants from 10 local governments were mobilized to set up relief stations, ration distribution centers, and first-aid posts. The drills focused on maintaining national livelihood resilience—ensuring that, in the event of a disaster, the public can continue to receive essential goods and services, maintain daily order, and sustain stable social and economic operations.
III.At the military mobilization level, in accordance with the directives of the Han Kuang Exercise 41 and the guiding principles of “mobilize locally, train locally, and prepare locally,” the 2025 manpower mobilization exercise (Tung Hsin Exercise 35) was expanded in both scope and participant numbers, involving over 22,000 personnel with an overall check-in rate of 99.3%. The exercise covered key procedures such as the issuance of mobilization orders, reservist reporting, unit formation, pre-combat training, and tactical operations. It also integrated coordination with critical infrastructure near tactical positions, designated emergency hospitals, and relief stations, in cooperation with military police, law enforcement, firefighters, and civil defense organizations—thereby validating the effectiveness of all-out defense mobilization. This year also marked the first full-brigade mobilization verification of the 206th Infantry Brigade, with collected data serving as reference for improving mobilization readiness. Through realistic combat training, the goal of achieving “mobilization equals readiness” was successfully realized.
IV.Additionally, on material mobilization, and under the Han Kuang exercise scenario framework, the Tzu Chiang Exercise 41 issued procurement, requisition, and production-conversion orders to validate nationwide civilian and material support for military operations. It guided participating units to employ joint operational support organizations to carry out mobilization tasks, such as military supplies, military transport, and defense-industry production, and to integrate military-civilian medical systems, thereby unifying whole-of-nation support for military operations.
Excerpt from: R.O.C. National Defense Report, 4th Session of the 11th Legislative Yuan